Small Group Problem Solving

Effective Collaborative Learning Strategy

What is Small Group Problem Solving?

Students work together on problems that require research, ensuring even work distribution through structured class interaction rather than relying on outside meetings.

Student Level

Any Level

Class Size

3-100+

Difficulty

Easy-Moderate

Implementation Process

1

Form Small Groups

Create small groups or pairs to work on assigned problems. Groups collaborate in class, then work individually outside of class to research specific aspects.

2

Present Ill-Defined Problem

Introduce a complex, open-ended problem to the group. The design and presentation of the problem significantly influences the activity's success.

3

Class Discussion & Role Assignment

Allow students to discuss and work during class time. Assign specific individual roles so each student researches one aspect deeply, then brings findings back to solve the whole problem.

4

Create Timeline & Monitor Progress

Define how many class periods will be devoted to the project. Create clear timelines and check in with each group regularly to ensure all members are contributing.

Key Benefits

🤝

Balanced Collaboration

Combines individual work with group collaboration, ensuring all students contribute meaningfully to the solution.

⚖️

Even Work Distribution

Addresses the "divide-and-conquer" problem by requiring interaction during class time and structured individual research.

🎯

Deep Learning

Forces students to research one aspect deeply while understanding how it contributes to solving the complete problem.

⚠️ Important Considerations

"Simply forming groups and giving group assignments is no guarantee of increasing learning or enhancing students' ability to engage in effective group problem solving."

Predictable Problems

The vast majority of problems with learning groups are both predictable and nearly 100% preventable.

Avoid Divide-and-Conquer

Most failures occur when students simply divide work among members rather than truly collaborating on solutions.

— Michaelsen, 1999

References

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